On August 6, 1945, America dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima; on August 9, on Nagasaki. I haven't seen much commentary about this, but here are some good articles from different perspectives:
Hiroshima Story
Targeting of Civilians at Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Remembering Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and the Dark Cloud over Civilization
In the Shadow of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Also interesting is a collection of quotes from various prominent Americans at the time arguing that the atomic bombings weren't necessary; those quoted include General Dwight Eisenhower, General Douglas MacArthur, and Admiral William Leahy, among others.
Update 8/9/04: OK, here's another:
Summer Days, Presidential Campaigns, and Hiroshima